Cognitive epileptiform disintegration — symptom complex of acquired disorders of cognitive functions in children, associated with marked epileptiform activity on EEG in the absence of epileptic seizures (isolated epileptic seizures in the medical history are possible). On background of review and discussion of current scientific literature and own data the author represents the fundamental article, devoted to cognitive epileptiform disintegration. The author describes in detail the aspects of definition, aetiology and pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnostics of this disorder, and approaches to the treatment. As the main factors of aetiology and pathogenesis the author describes the role of hereditary impairment of brain maturation and pathologic effects of continuous prolonged epileptiform activity on cognitive functions, as well as morphologic alterations (lesion) of the brain, caused by pathology of prenatal period. The clinical features of cognitive epileptiform disintegration depending on predominance localization of epileptiform activity in different areas of brain cortex are discussed. The especial attention is given to approaches to the treatment of cognitive epileptiform disintegration (approaches to the treatment of seizures and cognitive disorders are discussed separately). Efficacy of valproates, corticosteroid hormones and antiepileptic drugs of other groups is considered and assessed.

On background of review and discussion of current scientific literature è own data the article presents the main clinical characteristics and anomalies on EEG in patients with cognitive epileptiform disintegration and epileptic encephalopathies, associated with ñ benign epileptiform patterns of childhood. The author describes in detail EEGpatterns — continuous spike and wave activity during sleep and benign epileptiform patterns of childhood, the role of these patterns and their special features in different syndromes of cognitive epileptiform disintegration. The article illustrated own data of the author.

The author represents the review and discussion of current scientific literature devoted to epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spikes-waves activity during sleep — the special form of partly reversible age-dependent epileptic encephalopathy, characterized by triad of symptoms: continuous prolonged epileptiform (spike-wave) activity on EEG in sleep, epileptic seizures and cognitive disorders. The author describes the aspects of classification, pathogenesis and etiology, prevalence, clinical picture and diagnostics of this disorder, including the peculiar anomalies on EEG. The especial attention is given to approaches to the treatment of epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spikeswaves activity during sleep. Efficacy of valproates, corticosteroid hormones and antiepileptic drugs of other groups is considered. The author represents own experience of treatment this disorder with corticosteroids, scheme of therapy and assessment of efficacy.

The author represents the review of current scientific literature devoted to autistic epileptiform regression — the special form of autistic disorder, characterized by development of severe communicative disorders in children as a result of continuous prolonged epileptiform activity on EEG. This condition has been described by R.F. Tuchman and I. Rapin in 1997. The author describes the aspects of pathogenesis, clinical pictures and diagnostics of this disorder, including the peculiar anomalies on EEG (benign epileptiform patterns of childhood), with a high index of epileptiform activity, especially in the sleep. The especial attention is given to approaches to the treatment of autistic epileptiform regression. Efficacy of valproates, corticosteroid hormones and antiepileptic drugs of other groups is considered.

Григорий Иванович Россолимо — русский невропатолог, психиатр и психолог. Занимался изучением проблем морфологии и клиники нервных болезней, возрастной и экспериментальной психологии, детской нейропсихологии и патопсихологии.