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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русский журнал детской неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-8803</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9178</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">541</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2073-8803-2025-20-4-50-76</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Forced normalization syndrome (Landolt phenomenon) as an unusual side effect of antiepileptic therapy. Literature review and clinical cases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Синдром насильственной нормализации (феномен Ландольта) как необычный побочный эффект противоэпилептической терапии Обзор литературы с описанием клинических случаев</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9050-2036</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pylaeva</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пылаева</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olgapylaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8855-7740</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olgapylaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3054-7560</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyakov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уляков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olgapylaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5812-1348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Markin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>olgapylaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Институт детской неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Svt. Luka’s Institute of Pediatric and Adult Neurology and Epilepsy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Институт детской и взрослой неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital – branch of the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская детская клиническая больница – филиал ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenovskiy University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-01-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/541">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/541</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In general, mental disorders are 2–3 times more common in epilepsy than in the general population without epilepsy and can be caused by a combination of factors, including the side effects of antiepileptic drugs. However, only in rare cases is the development of mental disorders in epilepsy associated with significant improvement in the course of epilepsy and the onset of seizure remission due to the high efficacy of antiepileptic therapy or epilepsy surgery. This article discusses forced normalization syndrome (Landolt phenomenon), which can be considered an unusual side effect of antiepileptic therapy. It provides a definition, history of study, proposed pathogenesis, clinical and electroencephalographic presentation, diagnostic criteria for Landolt syndrome, and patient management strategies for this condition. A detailed review of the current literature and descriptions of clinical cases of patients observed by us are presented.</p> <p>More than 1,000 years after its first description, this phenomenon remains a mystery to clinicians. Informing physicians about the possibility of Landolt syndrome is of practical importance, as the syndrome is likely more common than recognized and is often underdiagnosed. However, awareness of the possibility of this complication of drug therapy for epilepsy allows for timely discontinuation of the offending medication, which interrupts the progression of mental disorders and promotes mental stabilization.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В целом психические нарушения в 2–3 раза чаще встречаются при эпилепсии, чем в общей популяции лиц без эпилепсии, и могут быть обусловлены совокупностью факторов, включая побочные эффекты противоэпилептических препаратов. Однако лишь в редких случаях появление психических расстройств при эпилепсии связано с выраженным улучшением в течении эпилепсии и наступлением ремиссии приступов в связи с высокой эффективностью противоэпилептической терапии или хирургического лечения эпилепсии. Статья посвящена синдрому насильственной нормализации (феномен Ландольта), который можно рассматривать как необычный побочный эффект противоэпилептической терапии. Приведены определение, история изучения, предполагаемый патогенез, клиническая и электроэнцефалографическая картина, диагностические критерии синдрома Ландольта и тактика ведения пациентов при возникновении данного состояния. Представлены подробный обзор современной литературы и описание клинических случаев наблюдаемых нами пациентов.</p> <p>Спустя более чем 1000 лет после первого описания данный феномен остается загадкой для клиницистов. Информирование врачей о возможности развития синдрома Ландольта имеет важное практическое значение, так как синдром, вероятно, встречается чаще, чем распознается, и часто недооценивается и не диагностируется своевременно. Однако знание о возможности данного осложнения медикаментозной терапии эпилепсии позволяет своевременно отменить причинный препарат, что прерывает прогрессирование психических нарушений и способствует стабилизации психического состояния.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epilepsy</kwd><kwd>antiepileptic drug</kwd><kwd>tolerability of antiepileptic therapy</kwd><kwd>side effect of antiepileptic drug</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>psychosis</kwd><kwd>Landolt forced normalization syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>противоэпилептический препарат</kwd><kwd>переносимость противоэпилептической терапии</kwd><kwd>побочный эффект противоэпилептического препарата</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>психоз</kwd><kwd>синдром насильственной нормализации Ландольта</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalinin V.V. 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