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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русский журнал детской неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-8803</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9178</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">540</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2073-8803-2025-20-4-45-49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The phenomenon of déjà vu and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Clinical lecture</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Феномен дежа вю и мезиальная височная эпилепсия. Клиническая лекция</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3291-7994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Firsov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фирсов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>firsovkonst@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-5706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>firsovkonst@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.F. Vladimirskiy Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-01-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-08"><day>08</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/540">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/540</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The déjà vu phenomenon, despite its high prevalence in the general population, is a key symptom in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), where it occurs in 50–80 % of cases. This lecture summarizes current concepts of the neurobiological and cognitive mechanisms of déjà vu, examining it through both the model of pathology (MTLE) and its occurrence in healthy individuals.</p> <p>Based on a review of the literature, the article demonstrates that the hippocampal system, particularly the parahippocampal gyrus, is the central neuroanatomical substrate of déjà vu. Direct evidence comes from studies of MTLE patients, where intracranial electroencephalography and electrical stimulation unequivocally link the onset of déjà vu aura to pathological activity in the mesial temporal lobe. Cognitive models (e.g., Dual Processing, Neural Delay/Mismatch, Global Matching hypotheses) interpret déjà vu as a temporary “glitch” in memory systems, involving a dissociation between the feeling of familiarity (mediated by the perirhinal cortex) and the mechanism of detailed contextual recollection (hippocampus). The contribution of specific subregions of the hippocampal formation (dentate gyrus, СА1–СА3 fields, entorhinal cortex) to pattern separation and completion processes, whose impairment underlies false recognition, is examined.</p> <p>Thus, the déjà vu phenomenon serves as a unique “window” into the mechanisms of memory function. The clinical model of MTLE demonstrates its direct link to pathological activity in the mesial temporal lobe, while cognitive models explain its occurrence in healthy people because of transient dysfunction of the same hippocampal mechanisms. Future research should focus on identifying specific electrophysiological patterns and clarifying the role of impaired inhibitory control and pattern separation mechanisms in the genesis of this phenomenon.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Феномен дежа вю (déjà vu), несмотря на свою распространенность в общей популяции, является ключевым симптомом у пациентов с мезиальной височной эпилепсией (МВЭ), где он встречается в 50–80 % случаев. В рамках данной лекции обсуждаются современные представления о нейробиологических и когнитивных механизмах дежа вю, рассматривая этот феномен как на модели патологии (МВЭ), так и в норме.</p> <p>На основе анализа данных литературы показано, что центральным нейроанатомическим субстратом дежа вю является гиппокампальная система, в частности парагиппокампальная извилина. Прямые доказательства получены в исследованиях пациентов с МВЭ, где интракраниальная электроэнцефалография и электростимуляция однозначно связывают возникновение ауры дежа вю с патологической активностью в мезиальных отделах височной доли. Когнитивные модели (гипотезы «двойной обработки», «нейронного замедления», «глобального сопоставления») интерпретируют дежа вю как результат временного «сбоя» в работе систем памяти, заключающегося в диссоциации между чувством знакомства (опосредованным периринальной корой) и механизмом детального контекстуального воспоминания (гиппокамп). Рассматривается вклад отдельных субрегионов гиппокампальной формации (зубчатая извилина, поля СА1–СА3, энторинальная кора) в процессы разделения и завершения паттернов, нарушения которых лежат в основе ложного узнавания.</p> <p>Таким образом, феномен дежа вю служит уникальным «окном» в понимание механизмов работы памяти. Клиническая модель МВЭ демонстрирует его прямую связь с патологической активностью мезиальной височной доли, в то время как когнитивные модели объясняют его возникновение у здоровых людей как следствие преходящей дисфункции тех же гиппокампальных механизмов. Перспективными направлениями дальнейших исследований могут быть идентификация специфических электрофизиологических паттернов и уточнение роли нарушения тормозного контроля и механизма разделения паттернов в генезе этого феномена.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>déjà vu</kwd><kwd>epilepsy</kwd><kwd>mesial temporal lobe epilepsy</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дежа вю</kwd><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>мезиальная височная эпилепсия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Adachi T., Adachi N., Takekawa Y. et al. Déjà vu experiences in patients with schizophrenia. Compr Psychiatry 2006;47(5):389–93. 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