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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русский журнал детской неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-8803</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9178</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">523</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2073-8803-2025-20-2-71-77</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Phenobarbital in HECW2-associated epileptic encephalopathy: unexpected clinical efficacy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фенобарбитал при HECW2-ассоциированной эпилептической энцефалопатии: неожиданная клиническая эффективность</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0533-5264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batyrov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батыров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KG">Kyrgyzstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksatbek Adilbekovich Batyrov, Department of Special Clinical Disciplines</p><p>17A/1 Lva Tolstogo St., Bishkek 720001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максатбек Адилбекович Батыров, Кафедра специальных клинических дисциплин  </p><p>720001 Бишкек, ул. Льва Толстого, 17А/1</p></bio><email>dr.maksat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-6479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Per</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пер</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="TR">Turkey</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Medicine</p><p>1 Turhan Baytop St., 38280 Тalas/Kayseri</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>медицинский факультет </p><p>38280 Талас/Кайсери, ул. Турхан Байтоп, 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4322-5555</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamytova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамытова</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KG">Kyrgyzstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Clinical and Morphological Disciplines</p><p>3 Fuchika St., Bishkek 720054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра клинико-морфологических дисциплин</p><p>720054 Бишкек, ул. Фучика, 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9671-7564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nurbekova</surname><given-names>U. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нурбекова</surname><given-names>У. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KG">Kyrgyzstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>137 Toktogula St., Bishkek 720005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>720005 Бишкек, ул. Токтогула, 137</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">International University of Kyrgyzstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Международный университет Кыргызстана</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Erciyes University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Эрджиес</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Salymbekov University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Салымбеков Университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Radiology Diagnostic Center “URFA”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр лучевой диагностики «ЮРФА»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-01"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/523">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/523</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mutations in the <italic>HECW2</italic> gene cause severe neurodevelopmental disorders, including epileptic encephalopathy, psychomotor delay, and drug-resistant seizures. The article presents a clinical case of a 2-year-old girl with epilepsy onset at 3 months, developmental regression, hypotonia, and dysmorphic features. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in the <italic>HECW2</italic> gene (c.3988C&gt;T, p.Arg1330Trp). Electroencephalogram showed generalized, multifocal epileptiform discharges, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed external hydrocephalus. In treatment against the background of the ineffectiveness of carbamazepine, valproate and levetiracetam, significant seizure control was achieved with phenobarbital in combination with levetiracetam. This case highlights the challenges in treating <italic>HECW2</italic>-related epilepsy and suggests phenobarbital as a potential option for refractory seizures.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Мутации гена <italic>HECW2</italic> ассоциированы с тяжелыми нарушениями развития нервной системы, включая эпилептическую энцефалопатию, задержку психомоторного развития и резистентные эпилептические приступы. В статье представлен клинический случай девочки 2 лет с дебютом эпилепсии в 3 мес, регрессом психомоторного развития, мышечной гипотонией и дисморфическими чертами лица. Генетический анализ выявил у пациентки гетерозиготную миссенсмутацию в гене <italic>HECW2</italic> (c.3988C&gt;T, p.Arg1330Trp). На электроэнцефалограмме регистрировались диффузные и мультирегиональные эпилептиформные разряды; магнитно-резонансная томография выявила наружную гидроцефалию. При лечении на фоне неэффективности карбамазепина, вальпроата и леветирацетама достигнут значительный контроль приступов при применении фенобарбитала в комбинации с леветирацетамом. Представленный клинический случай демонстрирует сложности терапии <italic>HECW2</italic>-ассоциированной эпилепсии и возможную эффективность фенобарбитала при резистентных формах.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HECW2 mutations</kwd><kwd>epileptic encephalopathy</kwd><kwd>genetic epilepsy</kwd><kwd>phenobarbital</kwd><kwd>drug-resistant seizures</kwd><kwd>neurogenesis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мутации гена HECW2</kwd><kwd>эпилептическая энцефалопатия</kwd><kwd>генетическая эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>фенобарбитал</kwd><kwd>резистентные приступы</kwd><kwd>нейрогенез</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed without external funding.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivkova S.N., Mukhin K.Yu., Zaykova F.M. 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