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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русский журнал детской неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-8803</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9178</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">521</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2073-8803-2025-20-2-52-60</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Balo’s concentric sclerosis. A lecture describing six clinical cases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Концентрический склероз Бало Лекция с описанием 6 клинических случаев</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-7876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Benidze</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бенидзе</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Pravdy St., Dubna 141981</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>141981 Дубна, ул. Правды, 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2988-5706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>61/2 Shchepkina St., Moscow 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110 Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1864-2381</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikova</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинникова</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>61/2 Shchepkina St., Moscow 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110 Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1715-3971</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Syanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Съянов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepan Aleksandrovich Syanov</p><p>61/2 Shchepkina St., Moscow 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степан Александрович Съянов</p><p>129110 Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><email>stepansyanov177@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9726-7679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Peshkin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пешкин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>61/2 Shchepkina St., Moscow 129110</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129110 Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Medical and Rehabilitation Center “Dubna”, Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Medical Rehabilitation and Balneology&#13;
of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Лечебно-реабилитационный центр «Дубна» ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр медицинской реабилитации и курортологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-31"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/521">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/521</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating disorder. The article analyzes six BCS cases diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging, clinical data, and cerebrospinal fluid studies. The goal is to differentiate BCS from multiple sclerosis (MS), assess prognosis, and evaluate therapy. Patients exhibited concentric demyelination lesions. In two cases, oligoclonal antibodies were absent (type 1, typical for BCS), while others showed type 2 (more common in MS). Treatment included corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, and anti-B-cell therapy. Disease course varied: some patients had a monophasic course, while others experienced relapsing symptoms resembling pseudotumoral MS. Magnetic resonance imaging showed lesion reduction, but some patients retained neurological deficits.</p><p>BCS may be a distinct nosological entity but requires careful differentiation from MS. Early imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis are crucial for diagnosis. MS-like therapy is effective, but further research is needed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Концентрический склероз Бало (КСБ) – редкое демиелинизирующее заболевание. В статье анализируются 6 случаев КСБ, диагностированных с помощью магнитно-резонансной томографии, клинических данных и исследования спинномозговой жидкости. Цель анализа – дифференциация КСБ и рассеянного склероза (РС), оценка прогноза и терапии.</p><p>У пациентов были выявлены концентрические очаги демиелинизации. В 2 случаях отсутствовали олигоклональные антитела (тип 1, характерный для КСБ), в остальных случаях диагностирован тип 2 (чаще при РС). Лечение включало глюкокортикостероиды, плазмаферез и анти-В-клеточную терапию. Течение варьировало: у части пациентов – монофазное, у других – рецидивирующее, схожее с псевдотуморозной формой РС. Магнитно-резонансная томография показала уменьшение очагов, но у некоторых пациентов сохранялся неврологический дефицит. КСБ может быть отдельной нозологической единицей, но требует тщательной дифференциальной диагностики с РС. Ранняя визуализация и анализ спинномозговой жидкости имеют особенно большое значение для диагностики. Терапия, аналогичная применяющейся при РС, эффективна, но необходимы дальнейшие исследования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Balo’s concentric sclerosis</kwd><kwd>demyelinating disease</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>oligoclonal antibodies</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>концентрический склероз Бало</kwd><kwd>демиелинизирующее заболевание</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>олигоклональные антитела</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was performed without external funding.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Baló J. Leukoencephalitis periaxialis concentrica. 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