Russian Journal of Child NeurologyRussian Journal of Child NeurologyРусский журнал детской неврологии2073-88032412-9178Publishing House ABV Press45210.17650/2073-8803-2023-18-4-49-52CLINICAL OBSERVATIONSКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯAn acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (clinical case)Острый геморрагический лейкоэнцефалит (клинический случай)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7647-1667KulishЕ. А.КулишЕ. А.
Russian Federation

3 Forssa St., Serpukhov142200

142200 Серпухов, ул. Форсса, 3

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7904FrolovaV. М.ФроловаВ. М.
Russian Federation

Build. 1, 61/2 Shchepkina St., Moscow 129110

129110 Москва, ул. Щепкина, 61/2, корп. 1

victoriafroloff@yandex.ruSerpukhov Central District HospitalГБУЗ МО «Серпуховская центральная районная больница»M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical InstituteГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»1512202318449520301202403012024Copyright ©; 2023, ABV-PressCopyright ©; 2023, АБВ-пресс2023ABV-PressАБВ-прессhttps://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicieshttps://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/452

Hurst’s disease (acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis) is a rare fulminant demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. It was singled out as a separate nosological form in the middle of the 20th century. The etiology is not fully understood. According to statistics, the disease most often occurs after a viral or bacterial infection. Patients have an increase in body temperature up to febrile values, headaches, gastrointestinal disorders, cognitive impairments. When making a diagnosis, they are guided by the results of neuroimaging (computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging), analysis of cerebrospinal fluid, and brain biopsy. Corticosteroids, acyclovir, antibiotics, immunoglobulins, plasmapheresis are used for treatment. The prognosis in patients with acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is poor.

Болезнь Хёрста (острый геморрагический лейкоэнцефалит) представляет собой редкое, молниеносно развивающееся демиелинизирующее заболевание центральной нервной системы. Оно было выделено в отдельную нозологическую форму в середине XX века. Этиология до конца не изучена. По статистике, болезнь чаще всего возникает после перенесенной вирусной или бактериальной инфекции. У больных отмечаются повышение температуры тела вплоть до фебрильных значений, головные боли, желудочно-кишечные расстройства, нарушение когнитивных функций. При установлении диагноза ориентируются на результаты нейровизуализации (компьютерная томография/магнитно-резонансная томография), анализа спинномозговой жидкости, биопсии головного мозга. В лечении применяются кортикостероиды, ацикловир, антибиотики, иммуноглобулины, плазмаферез. Прогноз у пациентов с острым геморрагическим лейкоэнцефалитом неблагоприятный.

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