<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русский журнал детской неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-8803</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9178</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">370</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2073-8803-2021-16-3-10-20</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL REPORTS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mowat-Wilson syndrome: literature review and case series</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Синдром Мовата-Вильсон: обзор литературы и клиническая характеристика 4 случаев</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobylova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобылова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya Yu. Bobylova.5 Nagornaya St., Troitsk, Moscow 108840; 9 Akad. Anokhina St., Moscow 119571.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобылова Мария Юрьевна.108840, Москва, Троицк, ул. Нагорная, 5; 119579, Москва, ул. Акад. Анохина, 9.</p></bio><email>mariya_bobylova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kakaulina</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Какаулина</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Nagornaya St., Troitsk, Moscow 108840.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>108840 Москва, Троицк, ул. Нагорная, 5.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramov</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамов</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Nagornaya St., Troitsk, Moscow 108840.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119579, Москва, ул. Акад. Анохина, 9.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhin</surname><given-names>K. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухин</surname><given-names>К. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5 Nagornaya St., Troitsk, Moscow 108840; 9 Akad. Anokhina St., Moscow 119571.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>108840, Москва, Троицк, ул. Нагорная, 5; 119579, Москва, ул. Акад. Анохина, 9.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Svt. Luka's Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт детской неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Svt. Luka's Institute of Pediatric and Adult Neurology and Epilepsy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт детской и взрослой неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Svt. Luka's Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт детской и взрослой неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-11-03"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-11-03"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/370">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/370</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a combination of the following signs: 1) facial dysmorphism (wide nose, broad medial eyebrows, pronounced chin, and open mouth); 2) mental retardation; 3) abnormalities of internal organs (congenital heart defects, Hirschsprung's disease, hypospadias/cryptorchidism). The disease is associated with a heterozygous pathogenic mutation in the <italic>ZEB2</italic> gene. More than 80 % of MWS patients are diagnosed with epilepsy, the onset of which is usually observed in infancy. Patents have focal motor seizures, atypical absence seizures, generalized convulsive seizures. Epileptic seizures are often triggered by fever; some children are resistant to therapy. MWS patients have a specific phenotype (blue eyes, fair hair, wide-based gait, frequent laughter, limited or absent expressive language) that requires differential diagnosis with Angelman syndrome (caused by a mutation in the <italic>UBE3A</italic> gene). MWS was described in 1998, but there have been no case reports in the Russian literature yet. We report 4 cases of MWS in children aged 2 to 13 years treated in the Svt. Luka's Institute of Neurology and Epilepsy. In all of these patients, we identified a heterozygous <italic>de novo</italic> deletion in the <italic>ZEB2</italic> gene. Epilepsy was observed in all patients. Mean age at onset was 13 months. All children had focal motor seizures and atypical absence seizures. None of them had tonic-clonic seizures or status epilepticus. The analysis of electroencephalograms showed that patients with a lower index of epileptiform activity tend to have better development and vice versa: children with a high index of epileptiform activity during sleep had more severe developmental delay.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Синдром Мовата-Вильсон характеризуется сочетанием следующих признаков: 1) лицевой дисморфизм (широкая переносица, сросшиеся брови, выступающий подбородок, открытый рот); 2) умственная отсталость; 3) аномалии внутренних органов (врожденные пороки сердца, болезнь Гиршпрунга, гипоспадия/крипторхизм). Заболевание связано с гетерозиготной патогенной мутацией в гене <italic>ZEB2</italic>. Более чем у 80 % больных диагностируется эпилепсия, дебютирующая в возрастном диапазоне от 1 до 11 мес. Отмечаются фокальные моторные приступы, атипичные абсансы, генерализованные судорожные приступы. Эпилептические приступы нередко провоцируются лихорадкой и у части детей резистентны к терапии. Особенности фенотипа (голубые глаза, светлые волосы, своеобразная походка на широко расставленных ногах, частые приступы смеха, отсутствие и скудность экспрессивной речи) требуют дифференциального диагноза с синдромом Ангельмана (вызванным мутацией в гене <italic>UBEA3</italic>). Синдром Мовата-Вильсон описан в 1998 г., но в русскоязычной литературе описаний случаев данного синдрома не встречается. Мы представляем описание 4 клинических случаев у пациентов в возрасте от 2 до 13 лет, наблюдающихся в Институте неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки. В наблюдаемой нами группе из 4 пациентов во всех случаях выявлена гетерозиготная делеция <italic>de novo</italic> гена <italic>ZEB2</italic>. Эпилепсия отмечается у всех описанных нами пациентов. Средний возраст дебюта приступов - 13 мес. У всех пациентов отмечаются фокальные моторные приступы, атипичные абсансы. Не отмечено случаев развития тонико-клонических приступов и эпилептического статуса. Анализ электроэнцефалограмм показал, что развитие лучше у пациента с менее выраженным индексом эпилептиформной активности на электроэнцефалограмме, и наоборот, у пациента с наиболее выраженной задержкой развития отмечался высокий индекс эпилептиформной активности во сне.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Mowat-Wilson syndrome</kwd><kwd><italic>ZEB2</italic> gene</kwd><kwd>epilepsy</kwd><kwd>electroencephalography</kwd><kwd>video electroencephalography monitoring</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis with Angelman syndrome</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром Мовата-Вильсон</kwd><kwd>ген <italic>ZEB2</italic></kwd><kwd>эпилепсия</kwd><kwd>электроэнцефалография</kwd><kwd>видеоэлектроэнцефалографический мониторинг</kwd><kwd>дифференциальный диагноз с синдромом Ангельмана</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Adam M.P., Conta J., Bean L.J.H. Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. In: GeneReviews®. Seattle: University of Washington, 1993-2020. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1412/.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Adam M.P., Schelley S., Gallagher R. et al. Clinical features and management issues in Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2006;140:2730-41. DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31530.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Bonanni P., Negrin S., Volzone A. et al. Electrical status epilepticus during sleep in Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Brain Dev 2017;39:727-34. DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2017.04.013.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Bonnard A., Zeidan S., Degas V. et al. Outcomes of Hirschsprung's disease associated with Mowat-Wilson syndrome. J Pediatr Surg 2009;44:587-91. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.10.066.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Cordelli D.M., Garavelli L., Savasta S. et al. Epilepsy in Mowat-Wilson syndrome: delineation of the electroclinical phenotype. Am J Med Genet A 2013;161A:273-84.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Cui S., Erlichman J., Russo P. et al. Intrahepatic biliary anomalies in a patient with Mowat-Wilson syndrome uncover a role for the zinc finger homeobox gene ZFHX1B in vertebrate biliary development. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011;52:339-44.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Dastot-Le Moal F., Wilson M., Mowat D. et al. ZFHX1B mutations in patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Hum Mutat 2007;28:313-21.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Deshmukh A.S., Kelkar K.V., Khedkar S.M. et al. Anaesthetic management of Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Indian J Anaesth 2016;60: 292-4. DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.179472.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Evans E., Einfeld S., Mowat D. et al. The behavioral phenotype of Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Am J Med Genet Part A 2012;158A:358-66.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Evans E., Mowat D., Wilson M., Einfeld S. Sleep disturbance in Mowat-Wilson syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2016;170:654-60.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Garavelli L., Ivanovski I., Caraffi S.G. et al. Neuroimaging findings in Mowat-Wilson syndrome: a study of 54 patients. Genet Med. 2017;19:691-700. DOI: 10.1038/gim.2016.176.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Garavelli L., Zollino M., Mainardi P.C. et al. Mowat-Wilson syndrome: facial phenotype changing with age: study of 19 Italian patients and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2009;149A:417-26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Available at: https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9673/mowat-wilson-syndrome.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Charles II: the last of the Habsburgs. How incest led to the degeneration of an entire dynasty. Available at: https://kulturologia.ru/blogs/181116/32289/. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карл II - последний из Габсбургов, или Как кровосмешение привело к вырождению целой династии. Доступно по: https://kulturologia.ru/blogs/181116/32289/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Ivanovski I., Djuric O., Caraffi S.G. et al. Phenotype and genotype of 87 patients with Mowat-Wilson syndrome and recommendations for care. Genet Med 2018;20:965-75.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Mowat D.R., Croaker G.D., Cass D.T. et al. Hirschsprung disease, microcephaly, mental retardation, and characteristic facial features: delineation of a new syndrome and identification of a locus at chromosome 2q22-q23. J Med Genet 1998;35:617-23.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Mowat D.R., Wilson M.J. Mowat-Wilson syndrome. In: Management of Genetic Syndromes. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. Pp. 517-529.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Mowat D.R., Wilson M.J., Goossens M. Mowat-Wilson syndrome. J Med Genet 2003;40:305-10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Niemczyk J., Einfeld S., Mowat D. et al. Incontinence and psychological symptoms in individuals with Mowat-Wilson Syndrome. Res Dev Disabil 2017;62:230-7.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Rogac M., Kitanovski L., Writzl K. Co-occurrence of rhabdomyosarcoma and Mowat-Wilson syndrome: is there a connection? Clin Dysmorphol 2017;26:185-6.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Smigiel R., Szafranska A., Czyzewska M. et al. Severe clinical course of Hirschsprung disease in a Mowat-Wilson syndrome patient. J Appl Genet 2010;51:111-3.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Valera E.T., Ferrza S.T., Brassesco M.S. et al. Mowat-Wilson syndrome: the first report of an association with central nervous system tumors. Childs Nerv Syst 2013;29:2151-5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Wenger T.L., Harr M., Ricciardi S. et al. CHARGE-like presentation, craniosynostosis and mild Mowat-Wilson syndrome diagnosed by recognition of the distinctive facial gestalt in a cohort of 28 new cases. Am J Med Genet A 2014;164A:2557-66. DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36696.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
