Russian Journal of Child NeurologyRussian Journal of Child NeurologyРусский журнал детской неврологии2073-88032412-9178Publishing House ABV Press26610.17650/2073-8803-2018-13-3-57-74REVIEWS AND LECTURESОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder: concomitant diseases with an emphasis on epilepsyСиндром дефицита внимания и гиперактивности: сопутствующие заболевания, акцент на сочетание с эпилепсиейPylaevaO. A.ПылаеваО. А.
Russian Federation

5 Nagornaya St., Troitsk, Moscow 108841; 

9 Akad. Anokhina St., 119579 Moscow

Ольга Анатольевна Пылаева 

108841 Москва, Троицк, ул. Нагорная, 5; 119579 Москва, ул. Акад. Анохина, 9

olgapylaeva@yandex.ruShatenshteinA. A.ШатенштейнА. А.
Russian Federation

Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology 

8/2 Trubetskaya St., Моscow 119991

Кафедра психиатрии и медицинской психологии 

119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2

MukhinK. Yu.МухинК. Ю.
Russian Federation

5 Nagornaya St., Troitsk, Moscow 108841; 

9 Akad. Anokhina St., 119579 Moscow

108841 Москва, Троицк, ул. Нагорная, 5; 119579 Москва, ул. Акад. Анохина, 9

Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and EpilepsyООО «Институт детской неврологии и эпилепсии им. Свт. Луки»Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child and Adult NeurologyООО «Институт детской и взрослой неврологии и эпилепсии имени Свт. Луки»I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of RussiaФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России1507201813357732911201829112018Copyright ©; 2018, ABV-PressCopyright ©; 2018, АБВ-пресс2018ABV-PressАБВ-прессhttps://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicieshttps://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/266

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common cause of behavioral disorders and learning difficulties in preschool and school-age children. Patients with ADHD are often diagnosed with concomitant diseases, which creates additional diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and leads to a more significant reduction in the quality of life. ADHD is often associated with epilepsy: ADHD manifestations are more common in individuals with epilepsy, and vice versa, patients with ADHD are more likely to have epilepsy. The estimated prevalence of ADHD in children is 7–9 %, whereas in children with epilepsy, it reaches 20–50 %. Epilepsy is also one of the most common diseases in children (affecting approximately 1 % of the pediatric population), which is often aggravated by concomitant diseases, including cognitive, behavioral and emotional disorders. Various factors, such as characteristics of epileptic process and lesions in particular portions of the brain, can underlie the development of ADHD in epilepsy. Epileptiform activity and adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs can also play an important etiological role. Some antiepileptic drugs (such as barbiturates) may cause symptoms similar to those in ADHD (in this case, inattentiveness and hyperactivity shall be considered as adverse events that can be reduced or eliminated after cessation of the drug) or exacerbate ADHD symptoms in patients with these disorders. Therefore, the drugs with no negative impact on concomitant diseases or with a positive therapeutic effect for both diseases are preferable in these cases.

High prevalence of the ADHD/epilepsy combination leads to a greater reduction in the quality of life, suggesting high relevance of this problem and requiring a revision of therapeutic approaches.

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