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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Child Neurology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Русский журнал детской неврологии</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2073-8803</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-9178</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">192</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2073-8803-2017-12-1-41-46</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">THE ONTOGENESIS OF SPEECH DEVELOPMENT</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Онтогенез речевого развития</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Braudo</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Браудо</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4/1 Nagibina St., Troitsk, Moscow 142190, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 142190 Москва, Троицк, ул. Нагибина, 4, стр. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobylova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобылова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6 Svetlaya St., Puchkovo Village, Pervomayskoe Settlement, Moscow 143397, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 143397 Москва, пос. Первомайское, дер. Пучково, ул. Светлая, 6</p></bio><email>mariya_bobylova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>34 Kashirskoe shosse, Moscow 115522, Russia</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 34</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rehabilitation center (for children with hearing disorders), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Центр реабилитации (для детей с нарушением слуха)» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Svt. Luka’s Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Институт детской неврологии и эпилепсии им. Святителя Луки»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mental Health Research Center</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Научный центр психического здоровья»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2017-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2017-04-07"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2017</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2017-04-07"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2017</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2017, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2017, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/192">https://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/192</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this article is to acquaint the specialists, working with children having developmental disorders, with age-related norms for speech development. Many well-known linguists and psychologists studied speech ontogenesis (logogenesis). Speech is a higher mental function, which integrates many functional systems. Speech development in infants during the first months after birth is ensured by the innate hearing and emerging ability to fix the gaze on the face of an adult. Innate emotional reactions are also being developed during this period, turning into nonverbal forms of communication. At about 6 months a baby starts to pronounce some syllables; at 7–9 months – repeats various sounds combinations, pronounced by adults. At 10–11 months a baby begins to react on the words, referred to him/her. The first words usually appear at an age of 1 year; this is the start of the stage of active speech development. At this time it is acceptable, if a child confuses or rearranges sounds, distorts or misses them. By the age of 1.5 years a child begins to understand abstract explanations of adults. Significant vocabulary enlargement occurs between 2 and 3 years; grammatical structures of the language are being formed during this period (a child starts to use phrases and sentences). Preschool age (3–7 y. o.) is characterized by incorrect, but steadily improving pronunciation of sounds and phonemic perception. The vocabulary increases; abstract speech and retelling are being formed. Children over 7 y. o. continue to improve grammar, writing and reading skills. The described stages may not have strict age boundaries, as soon as they are dependent not only on environment, but also on the child’s mental constitution, heredity and character.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mental development</kwd><kwd>speech</kwd><kwd>speech development in children</kwd><kwd>phrasal speech</kwd><kwd>sounds pronunciation</kwd><kwd>phonemic perception</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>психическое развитие</kwd><kwd>речь</kwd><kwd>речевое развитие у детей</kwd><kwd>фразовая речь</kwd><kwd>звукопроизношение</kwd><kwd>фонематическое восприятие</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Архипова Е.Ф. Стертая дизартрия у детей. М.: АСТ; Астрель, 2007. С. 7–8. [Arkhipova E.F. Erased dysarthria in children. Moscow: AST; Astrel’, 2007. Pp. 7–8. 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