Russian Journal of Child NeurologyRussian Journal of Child NeurologyРусский журнал детской неврологии2073-88032412-9178Publishing House ABV Press14910.17650/2073-8803-2016-11-2-8-24ORIGINAL REPORTSОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИFOCAL CORTICAL DYSPLASIAS: CLINICAL AND ELECTRO-NEUROIMAGING CHARACTERISTICSФОКАЛЬНЫЕ КОРТИКАЛЬНЫЕ ДИСПЛАЗИИ: КЛИНИКО-ЭЛЕКТРО-НЕЙРОВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИMukhinK. Yu.МухинК. Ю.
Russian Federation

Konstantin Y. Muknin – 6 Svetlaya St., Puchkovo Village, Pervomayskoe Settlement, Moscow, 143396 

Константин Юрьевич Мухин -  143396, Москва, пос. Первомайское, дер. Пучково, ул. Светлая, 6

center@epileptologist.ruSvt. Luka's Institute of Child Neurology and Epilepsy, MoscowИнститут детской неврологии и эпилепсии имени Святителя Луки, Москва150420161128242408201624082016Copyright ©; 2016, ABV-PressCopyright ©; 2016, АБВ-пресс2016ABV-PressАБВ-прессhttps://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicieshttps://rjdn.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/149

In spite of a notable advance made in epileptology, resistant epilepsies account for approximately 30 % of all forms of epilepsy particularly in patients with focal seizures. One of the main causes of therapy-resistant focal epilepsies is focal cortical dysplasias (FCD). This term was first introduced by D. Taylor et al. in 1971. FCD belongs to abnormal cortical development. Among all abnormalities of cortical development, FCD in surgically treated children amounts to 75 %. FCD is the most common cause of resistant epilepsy in children and the most frequent reason for diagnosing cryptogenic focal epilepsy with intractable seizures. The author gives a detailed literature review dedicated to FCD as a cause of resistant epilepsy, including the classification and histologic characteristics of FCD, its clinical manifestations and prognosis, and approaches to medical and surgical treatments. 

Несмотря на значительные успехи, достигнутые в эпилептологии, резистентные эпилепсии составляют примерно 30 % среди всех форм эпилепсии, особенно у пациентов с фокальными приступами. Одной из основных причин резистентных к терапии фокальных эпилепсий являются фокальные кортикальные дисплазии (ФКД). Этот термин был впервые введен D. Taylor и соавт. в1971 г. ФКД относится к нарушениям кортикального развития. Среди всех нарушений кортикального развития у детей, прошедших хирургическое лечение в связи с эпилепсией, ФКД составляют 75 %. ФКД – наиболее частая «структурная» причина резистентных форм эпилепсии у детей и наиболее частая причина диагноза «криптогенная фокальная эпилепсия» с резистентным течением приступов. Автор представляет подробный обзор литературы, посвященной ФКД как причине резистентной эпилепсии, включая классификацию и гистологические особенности ФКД, клинические проявления и прогноз, подходы к медикаментозной терапии и хирургическому лечению. 

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